Visual Outcomes Following Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery for Pituitary Adenoma

Visual Outcomes Following EETS for Pituitary Adenomas: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the visual outcomes following EETS for pituitary adenomas, focusing on factors influencing postoperative visual recovery and identifying predictors of visual improvement. Study Design: Retrospective study. Settings: Department of Neurosurgery, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan. Duration: June 2023 to June 2024. Methods: 100 patients who underwent EETS at Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. Data were collected on patient demographics, tumour size, adenoma type, preoperative visual impairment, surgical outcomes, and postoperative complications. Chi-square tests were used to analyse the association between tumour size and visual outcomes, with a significance threshold set at p-value < 0.05. Results: Out of 100 patients, 58% were male, and 42% were female, with a mean age of 45.2 years. The tumour size distribution showed 30% microadenomas and 70% macroadenomas. Post-surgery, 60% of patients experienced visual improvement, while 30% maintained their preoperative visual status, and 10% experienced a worsening of their condition. The p-value for the association between tumour size and visual outcome was 0.01, indicating a significant correlation. Complications were low, with 10% transient diabetes insipidus and 5% CSF leaks. Conclusion: The study concludes that EETS is a practical surgical approach for improving visual outcomes, particularly in patients with macroadenomas and non-functioning adenomas. Early surgical intervention significantly contributes to visual recovery, highlighting EETS as a safe and minimally invasive procedure for managing pituitary adenomas.