Morphometric Study of Foramen Magnum in Human Skulls

Hina Majid; Salman Shahid; Muhammad Shahzeb

doi:10.29054/apmc/2021.1140

Hina Majid Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Ameerudin Medical College / Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore Pakistan
Salman Shahid Medical Officer, Department of Special Education, Lahore Pakistan
Muhammad Shahzeb Incharge Health Officer, BHU, Tandilianwala Pakistan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29054/apmc/2021.1140

Keywords: Foramen magnum, Medulla, Spinal cord, Diameter, Foramen magnum index

Abstract

Background: Foramen magnum is a vital landmark present at the base of the skull. Its morphometric analysis is clinically significant as it transmits the medulla and the spinal cord. Objective: The aim was to identify different shapes of the foramen magnum in human skulls and to evaluate its transverse and antero-posterior diameter. The foramen magnum index was also recorded. Study Design: Cross Sectional Observational Study. Settings: Anatomy Department, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore Pakistan. Duration: 2 months from November 01, 2020 to January 01, 2021. Methods: Thirty-five human skulls were studied. The foramen magnum was visually analyzed for its shape. The osteometric data including the transverse and antero-posterior diameter was recorded with vernier calliper. Results: The most common shape observed was oval (45%). The mean antero-posterior diameter was 32±24 mm. While, the average transverse diameter was 26±14 mm. Foramen magnum index was 81.25±10. Conclusion: Knowledge about the dimensions of foramen magnum is helpful for the radiologists and neurosurgeons while planning and performing surgeries.