Pattern of Different Types of Cerebral Stroke in Faisalabad

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of different types of stroke in patients with cerebral stroke presenting in DHQ hospital Faisalabad. Study Design: Cross Sectional Descriptive Study. Setting: Study was conducted in Medical Unit IV DHQ Hospital Faisalabad between 01-06-2014 to 30-11-2014. Materials and Methods: 100 patients both male and female of ages more than 16 years admitted with acute stroke with in and after 24 hours of stroke and patients having infarction, hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage as a cause of stroke diagnosed on Computerized Tomography (CT) scan of the brain were included in the study. After Informed Consent, data collection was carried out after taking history, performing clinical examination and doing investigations. Data was analyzed by using Chi-Square test at 5 % level of significance. Statistical analysis was carried out with the use of SPSS Version 21 for Windows. In this study, frequencies of major categories of stroke were found out in relation to different age groups and sex. Hypertension and association between frequencies of various categories of stroke and Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension and association between frequencies of Diabetes various categories of stroke and irregularly treated Hypertension and

Diabetes Mellitus were found out. Results: Our research found the frequency of Infarctive stroke, Intracerebral bleed and Sub-arachnoid hemorrhage as 62 %, 28 % and 10 % respectively. Correlation of gender with major categories of stroke was found to be statistically significant. Peak age range for cerebral infarction was found to be 51-60 years accounting for 22 cases (i.e. 35.48 % of all cerebral infarction cases), peak age range for intracerebral bleed was also 61-70 accounting for 12 cases (i.e. 42.86% of all intracerebral bleed patients) and peak age range for Sub-arachnoid hemorrhage was 41-50 accounting for 4(40%) cases. Infarctive stroke was also found in the lowest age range i.e. 21-30 accounting for 3 cases. Patients with uncontrolled Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus were found to be at more risk of developing cerebral stroke. Conclusion: Infarctive Stroke is more common in our study as compared to hemorrhagic Stroke. Proper awareness and treatment about the major risk factors of stroke such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus can help to reduce the episodes of stroke in population. Patients need proper education about modifiable risk factors for cerebral stroke.