Effect of Insulin Treatment on Orthodontic Tooth Movement and Osteoclast Count in Diabetic Rats

Waheed ul Hamid; Javed Iqbal; Rabia Awan; Arfan ul Haq Zahid; Shabbir Hussain; Sameen Irfan

doi:10.29054/apmc/2017.202

Waheed ul Hamid Professor of Orthodontics De’ Montmorency College of Dentistry, Lahore
Javed Iqbal Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Biology, Dental Section, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad
Rabia Awan Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Biology, Dental Section, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad
Arfan ul Haq Zahid Head of Orthodontic Department, Dental Section, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad
Shabbir Hussain Assistant Professor, Orthodontics De’ Montmorency College of Dentistry, Lahore
Sameen Irfan Demonstrator, Sharif Medical and Dental College Lahore

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29054/apmc/2017.202

Keywords: Type-I diabetes mellitus, Orthodontic Tooth Movement, Insulin therapy

Abstract

Objectives: To estimate osteoclast count and orthodontic tooth movement in a group of insulin treated diabetic rats. Study Design: Animal experimental study. Setting: Animal House and Histopathology Department, Post-graduate Medical Institute, Lahore. Duration: One year, June 2013- June 2014. Sampling Technique: Simple random allocation Methodology: Total 44 male wistar rats were selected and equally divided into Normoglycemic and Insulin Treated Diabetic groups. Type-1 diabetes mellitus was induced by injecting streptozotocin then treated with Insulin injections. Citrate buffer solution was injected in normoglycemic group. The rats were anesthetized with cocktail of ketamine and xylazine injections. Using split mouth design orthodontic appliance was placed only on right side of maxilla while left side was kept as control. Maxillary right first molar was moved mesially by applying 10 cN force. All rats were euthanized on 21^st day and orthodontic tooth movements were recorded using digital vernier calliper. Serial transverse sections of dissected maxilla in the interradicular bone at furcation area of first molar distobuccal root were obtained for quantification of osteoclasts by histomorphometry. Results: Mean osteoclast count in normoglycemic group was 2.94±0.42 and 2.65±0.36 in insulin treated diabetic group with significant difference, while no osteoclast found on control side. Mean orthodontic tooth movement in normoglycemic group was 0.34±0.07 mm while 0.34±0.06 mm in insulin treated diabetic group with non-significant difference. Conclusion: Insulin therapy reversed the diabetic condition to the same level as that of normal subjects.